Friday, January 31, 2025

A Blueprint for Crypto Market Structure

The digital asset industry stands at a critical, hopeful juncture.

After years of fragmented approaches to regulation and legislation, we've reached a moment where clarity is both urgent and achievable. Blockchain Association's consensus-driven market structure principles, which represent the perspective of the leading companies in the industry, offer a framework for the path forward. The market structure principles that emerged from this collaborative effort reflect the maturation of the industry and the focus required to enact meaningful legislation and achieve smart regulation.

The principles tackle twelve key areas – at their core is a recognition that consumer protection and innovation are complementary, not competing, priorities. We call for standardized disclosures and robust safeguards while ensuring businesses can innovate without undue burden. This balanced approach extends to custody, where we advocate protecting individuals' right to self-custody their assets while establishing clear frameworks for institutional custody solutions.

A crucial element of our framework is the distinction between financial activities and other, varied applications of blockchain technology. Smart regulation must focus on genuine financial risks without stifling innovation in non-financial uses of this technology. This extends to the treatment of non-custodial software, services, and smart contracts, which shouldn't face the same regulatory requirements as traditional financial intermediaries when they don't custody user assets.

The principles also address one of the industry's most pressing challenges: token classification. We need clear frameworks for distinguishing between securities, commodities, and other digital assets. This clarity is essential for compliance and growth, particularly as the market matures and new types of tokens emerge.

Our framework recognizes the global nature of digital assets while emphasizing and strengthening U.S. competitiveness. We advocate for reducing friction in cross-border transactions while ensuring U.S. markets remain attractive for investment and innovation. This includes establishing a single secondary trading market to enhance liquidity and price discovery.

Developer protections form another crucial pillar of Blockchain Association’s principles. Open-source software developers shouldn't face liability when independent actors misuse their code. This protection is essential for maintaining the innovation that drives our industry forward. Similarly, we emphasize the importance of network participation - protecting the ability of individuals and institutions to engage in activities like staking, voting, and peer-to-peer transactions on permissionless networks.

This consensus we’ve achieved on these principles matters because it signals to Congress and regulators that the industry is and has been ready for common sense regulation. We're not asking for special treatment or regulatory carve-outs. Instead, we're proposing clear rules of the road that protect consumers, foster innovation, and ensure U.S. competitiveness in a rapidly evolving global market.

But this window of opportunity won't remain open indefinitely. Market developments, election cycles, and global competition create urgency for action. The industry has demonstrated its readiness to engage constructively with policymakers. We've shown that we can find common ground on complex issues and that we're committed to responsible innovation. For our Congressional allies, regulators in Washington D.C., and those newly engaging with these issues, these principles demonstrate that the industry is ready for serious policy discussion. For industry participants, they represent a shared vision of responsible market structure. For everyone involved, they offer a path forward at a crucial moment for the future of digital assets in the United States. The work of enacting smart regulations and drafting and passing legislation remains ahead. But with clear principles, industry alignment, and growing policy sophistication on both sides, we have an unprecedented opportunity to get this right. We have precious few months to get this done, let's not let this moment pass.



source https://www.coindesk.com/opinion/2025/01/31/a-blueprint-for-crypto-market-structure

Weekly Recap: Ripple Makes Waves and Stablecoins Surge

It was another busy week at CoinDesk as the new Trump Administration continued to roll out a pro-crypto agenda and the industry laid the groundwork for growth in the new cycle.

Ripple was at the center of the news. Ondo Finance announced it would offer tokenized treasuries on Ripple’s XRP Ledger, Kris Sandor reported. The San Francisco company also said XRP Ledger would offer clawback features, enhancing liquidity for Ripple’s dollar-pegged stablecoin RLUSD, Shaurya Malwa reported.

Meanwhile, CEO Brad Garlinghouse lobbied for XRP to be included in any national crypto reserve, riling Bitcoiners who say the reserve should be bitcoin-only. Omkar Godbole had that news, along with several incisive market analyses (his Daybook daily update is a must-read).

In other protocol news, Cardano rolled out a hard fork (“Plomin”), enabling decentralized governance. And Avalanche said its December upgrade resulted in a 75% drop in transaction costs for users, a big win for that project. Meanwhile, Movement Labs unveiled a developer mainnet ahead of a much-anticipated L1 launch in February.

Stablecoins, the most traded form of crypto, surged past a $200 million market cap. And Tether, issuer of the leading stablecoin, USDT, announced that it made $13 billion in profit for 2024, a healthy stockpile for further investments, Sandor also reported. At the same time, Howard Lutnick, the administration’s pick for Commerce Secretary, defended Cantor Fitzgerald’s custodial relationship with Tether during a Senate hearing.

MicroStrategy, which pioneered the idea of corporate bitcoin treasuries, added further to its bags and outlined plans to raise more capital, James Van Straten reported. In ETFs, Bitwise won SEC approval for a combined bitcoin-ether ETF, and filed an application for a dogecoin ETF, Helene Braun reported. Grayscale opened a new closed-end fund trust offering exposure to dogecoin, saying the memecoin, which was started as a joke in 2013, had become a tool for global financial inclusion.

There was also plenty of regulatory and policy news. Solana’s memecoin powerhouse, Pump.fun, was hit with a class-action lawsuit alleging securities violations. Cheyenne Ligon reported that story, as well as news that French authorities are expanding a money laundering and tax probe against Binance. Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev joined BlackRock’s Larry Fink in calling for tokenized equity. And Jesse Hamilton, deputy managing editor for regulatory, reported on the continuing success of Fairshake, an industry SuperPAC.

Meanwhile, Friday saw the parents of disgraced FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried explore seeking a presidential pardon for their son. They are taking inspiration from the recent pardon Trump handed to Silk Road founder Ross Ulbricht. But, as Shaurya Malwa noted, the cases are very different and Joseph Bankman and Barbara Fried likely face an uphill task.

It’s been an interesting few days in crypto and we’ll have plenty more for CoinDesk readers next week. As they say, stay tuned.



source https://www.coindesk.com/coindesk-news/2025/01/31/coindesk-weekly-recap-ripple-makes-waves-and-stablecoins-surge

Thursday, January 30, 2025

Coinbase Files Paperwork To List Solana, Hedera Futures

Coinbase Derivatives, a subsidiary of the crypto exchange, has filed documents with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) to list Solana (SOL) and Hedera (HBAR) futures.

The exchange plans to launch the product on Feb 18., with new contracts being cash-settled on a monthly basis, according to the filing.

The contract size for the Solana futures would be 100 SOL, currently worth roughly $24,000, if approved. It would also offer "nano" Solana contracts with five SOL. Hedera futures would be sized at 5,000 tokens.

The move comes after several players in crypto have taken steps to launch new products following the inauguration of crypto-friendly President Donald Trump. Just last week, futures and options exchange CME accidentally posted the futures page for XRP and SOL in their "staging subdomain."

CME told CoinDesk that the leak was an error and that no decision had been made on whether it would launch SOL or XRP futures.



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/30/coinbase-files-paperwork-to-list-solana-hedera-futures

Pump.Fun Hit With Proposed Class Action Lawsuit Alleging Securities Violations

Memecoin generator Pump.fun was hit with another proposed class action lawsuit on Thursday, accusing the company and its executives of raking in nearly $500 million in fees while violating U.S. securities laws.

The suit, filed in the Southern District of New York (SDNY), hinges on the crypto industry’s biggest lingering question — when is a token a security? Though the suit alleges that every token created using Pump.fun’s platform is a security, and thus subject to U.S. securities laws, that’s far from a matter of settled law. Under the new Donald Trump Administration, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has indicated it's changing tack on crypto regulation, creating a new crypto task force charged with establishing a clear regulatory framework for the industry.

The lead plaintiff in Thursday's suit, Diego Aguilar, claimed to have lost money trading three Pump.fun-created memecoins in particular — FWOG, FRED and GRIFFAIN. Though Pump.fun does not itself create any of the tokens covered in the suit, the filing accuses the company of “orchestrat[ing] this scheme by providing automated tools that allow anyone to create and sell nearly worthless digital Tokens in minutes” and thus qualifies as a “joint issuer” of all tokens launched on its platform.

Aguillar’s suit names a U.K.-registered company called Baton Corporation, which it alleges is the operator of Pump.fun, as well as three of the company’s co-founders — COO Alon Cohen, CTO Dylan Kerler and CEO Noah Tweedale. Cohen declined to comment, telling CoinDesk that he was speaking for himself and not the company. The other members of the team could not be reached by press time.

The law firm that filed the suit, New York-based Wolf Popper LLP, filed another class action suit against Pump.fun just two weeks ago. That suit, filed on Jan. 16, has a different lead plaintiff but similarly accuses Baton Corporation and its three co-founders of selling an unregistered security — the PNUT token, a Solana-based memecoin inspired by Peanut the Squirrel, which the suit claims reached a $1 billion market capitalization. At the time of publication, the PNUT token is down 89% from its high of $2.25 last November.

Wolf Popper LLP, along with crypto litigation-focused firm Burwick Law, is also behind the recent class action lawsuit filed against the promoters of the HAWK token, a memecoin tied to influencer Hailey Welch, a.k.a. Hawk Tuah.

Though Pump.fun only launched a year ago, the Solana-based memecoin factory is no stranger to controversy. Last March, the U.K financial regulator issued a warning against the platform, leading Pump.fun to ban U.K.-based users. It also came under fire for its now-disable livestream feature, which allowed some users to promote their tokens with violent or sexual content.

Read more: Crypto Gets Shock Video Does as Users Stream NSFW Content to Pump Their Memecoins

The suit is seeking damages and attorneys’ fees.

Danny Nelson contributed reporting.



source https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2025/01/30/pump-fun-hit-with-proposed-class-action-lawsuit-alleging-securities-violations

Give Retail Investors a Voice in Crypto Policymaking

Last week, through Executive Order, President Trump took a significant step toward reshaping the future of digital assets by establishing a Crypto Council led by investor and entrepreneur David Sacks. This Executive Order, coupled with the recent reversal of SAB 121 – an ill-conceived policy that made it prohibitively difficult for banks to custody crypto assets – demonstrates that the new administration is serious about removing barriers to crypto adoption.

This council represents a golden opportunity to undo significant damage inflicted on the crypto industry during the Biden Administration. Instead of regulatory hostility, Trump’s Crypto Council can help chart a path toward innovation, responsible oversight, and, most importantly, the protection of the customers and retail investors who helped him win the election.

While the involvement of major crypto companies like Coinbase, a16z, and Ripple is crucial, the council should not be composed solely of industry giants. For too long, retail investors, the backbone of the crypto revolution, have been ignored, exploited, or outright attacked, not only by the Sam Bankman-Frieds of the world but by the very regulatory agency designed to protect them. If the new administration is serious about fostering fair and effective crypto policy, it must include a voice for the everyday American.

The Need for Retail Representation

During the past four years, the Biden administration, through officials like Senator Elizabeth Warren and former SEC Chair Gary Gensler, waged an unfair war against the crypto industry. Chokepoint 2.0 proved to be a coordinated effort to cut crypto companies off from the banking system, restricting access to essential financial services. It crippled innovation in the U.S., sending customers and retail investors offshore into the hands of Bankman-Fried. Gensler’s regulation-by-enforcement approach left entrepreneurs and investors alike navigating an unpredictable and hostile regulatory environment.

I witnessed firsthand how these reckless policies harmed retail investors. As an attorney working pro bono, I represented 75,000 XRP holders in the Ripple case and submitted the thousands of affidavits from retail investors ultimately cited by Judge Analisa Torres in her landmark decision. I also served as amicus counsel in other critical cases, including LBRY and Coinbase, standing up for those who lack the resources to lobby Congress or fight back against government overreach.

The newly established Crypto Council must not make the mistake of becoming an exclusive club of industry elites. It must include advocates for retail investors, people who have been in the trenches and understand the real-world consequences of policy decisions. It is one thing to speak in abstract terms about market structure and innovation. It is another to stand alongside individuals whose financial futures depend on fair and transparent regulations.

A Legislative Blueprint for Success

While the national conversation has recently focused on things like a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve, this administration has a once-in-a-generation opportunity to pass meaningful crypto legislation that fosters growth while ensuring investor protection. It must act quickly because the midterm elections will be here before we know it.

Several key priorities must be addressed:

1. Stablecoin Legislation. Create a framework that drives demand for U.S. Treasuries while reducing friction and fees for cross-border payments, allowing stablecoins to serve as reliable financial tools for global commerce and inclusion.

2. Market Structure Reform. Grant clear authority to the CFTC to oversee digital assets while establishing definitive guidelines for when a token constitutes a security and thus, governed by the SEC.

3. Centralized Exchange Oversight. Require centralized exchanges to segregate customer funds, preventing any commingling with corporate assets; introduce legislation to ensure customer funds are legally protected in bankruptcy proceedings, never to be treated as assets of the bankrupt entity; mandate exchanges to maintain 100% reserves; ban the rehypothecation of customer funds, preventing hidden risks and contagion in the industry; and, imposing limits and safeguards on leverage trading to prevent retail investors from being wiped out by excessive risk.

5. Tax Policy Reform. Reverse outdated policies that treat the use of crypto as currency as a taxable event. Small, everyday transactions should not trigger capital gains taxes.

A Call for Inclusive Governance

The Crypto Council will only be as effective as the voices it includes. If it becomes just another gathering of industry executives and venture capitalists, it will fail in its mission to create fair and inclusive policy.

Retail investors and those who use digital assets for payments, remittances, savings and investment deserve a seat at the table. They are not only stakeholders in this industry but also voters who played a pivotal role in electing this administration into office. Their interests must be prioritized, not just the interests of powerful institutions.

As someone who has dedicated my career to fighting for everyday Americans, I urge David Sacks, Bo Hines, and the administration to ensure that the Crypto Council represents all voices, not just the loudest and wealthiest. If we get this right, we can establish the United States as a global leader in digital asset innovation while safeguarding the rights of the people who make this industry possible.

Clear, predictable regulation will not only help retail investors but also drive innovation and economic growth in the U.S. For too long, promising crypto projects have fled overseas due to regulatory uncertainty. A well-designed legal framework will bring these innovators back, ensuring that the U.S. remains at the forefront of financial technology.

This is our chance to build a framework that fosters trust, fairness, and economic opportunity while embracing an America First Agenda. Please, let’s not waste it.



source https://www.coindesk.com/opinion/2025/01/30/give-retail-investors-a-voice-in-crypto-policymaking

Wednesday, January 29, 2025

Sandboxes Are a Way Out of the Regulatory Sandstorm

Regulation by enforcement is beginning to crumble, with a court recently ruling that the SEC’s refusal to issue a crypto rule was unlawful. A new crypto-friendly administration stands ready to create crypto clarity through new appointments at the SEC and the CFTC.

New acting CFTC Chair Caroline Pham has proposed an uncommon approach, namely the regulatory sandbox.

A regulatory sandbox is a waiver of regulations but in a supervised environment. Projects can test innovative ideas outside rigid regulatory frameworks. Federal digital asset sandboxes may come sooner than you think, but current state sandbox models fall short in the digital assets context, with extremely limited scopes and durations.

We propose a “Sustainable Sandbox” and develop Pham’s idea, along with similar proposals from SEC Commissioner Peirce, and various initiatives in states and the Federal Reserve.

The Sustainable Sandbox will give regulators enough time and information to draft thoughtful and sensible rules governing digital assets. Without such a stopgap, the digital assets industry would end up in the same place–trying to work with rules that do not make sense.

How sandboxes work

At its core, a regulatory sandbox allows businesses to conduct live experiments with innovative technologies while regulators observe and gather data. Businesses apply for waivers from certain laws that may technically apply to their activities but do not align with the unique nature of their innovations.

For example, a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform might be exempted from securities regulations that were designed for traditional financial intermediaries. This exemption provides the freedom to innovate without being hamstrung by outdated rules.

Importantly, regulatory sandboxes do not equate to a regulatory free-for-all. Participants must adhere to baseline standards for consumer protection and financial stability, ensuring that accountability is not sacrificed in the name of innovation.

In practice, regulatory sandboxes have proven to be valuable tools for identifying outdated regulations. By generating real-world data, they enable lawmakers to assess whether certain rules should be reformed or repealed. Without such mechanisms, unnecessary or impractical regulations risk stifling progress and innovation.

Lessons from the U.K. and beyond

The U.K. has been a pioneer in implementing regulatory sandboxes. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) introduced its sandbox in 2016, offering a structured environment for businesses to test new ideas. Participants have ranged from large law firms to cryptocurrency projects, reflecting the sandbox’s inclusivity and flexibility.

In terms of digital assets innovation, the U.K.’s success can be attributed to its focus on fostering both collaboration and innovation. By allowing businesses to experiment within a regulated framework, the sandbox has attracted a diverse array of participants and provided critical insights into how emerging technologies interact with existing laws.

Other regions, such as Singapore and the UAE, have also embraced sandboxes as tools for driving innovation. Singapore’s Monetary Authority (MAS) has used its sandbox to advance tokenization in financial services, while the UAE has leveraged its framework to attract blockchain startups. These examples highlight the potential of sandboxes to position countries as global leaders in the digital asset space.

Challenges facing regulatory sandboxes

Despite their benefits, the existing regulatory sandboxes face several limitations:

Narrow scope: Most sandboxes are restricted to specific industries or activities, limiting their applicability to broader regulatory challenges. Participants must also apply and be accepted, so not all projects are treated equally.

Short duration: Sandboxes often have fixed timelines, requiring businesses to exit the program without long-term regulatory clarity.

High costs: Participating in a sandbox can be resource-intensive for both businesses and regulators, deterring smaller players from applying.

To address these challenges, we propose the "Sustainable Sandbox" – a redesigned framework tailored to the unique needs of the crypto industry.

Designing the 'sustainable sandbox'

The "Sustainable Sandbox" builds on the strengths of existing models while addressing their shortcomings. Here’s how it would work:

1. Simplified automatic enrollment

Participants that complete a form filing process will be automatically enrolled, and will not be subject to an application and acceptance process by the regulator. Businesses that don’t fit the default form, such as DAOs or decentralized exchanges, could propose their own compliance frameworks (subject to regulatory approval) aligned with broad policy goals set by regulators.

2. Data-driven decision-making

Regulators would collect and analyze data from sandbox participants to evaluate the effectiveness of waived regulations. This information could inform broader reforms, creating a feedback loop that aligns regulation with innovation, and enabling regulators to write new sensible rules.

3. Seamless transitions

At the end of the sandbox period, participants could transition to a tailored safe harbor (which SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce has long envisioned) or receive no-action letters (but remain subject to light oversight), providing long-term regulatory clarity. This ensures that businesses do not face a regulatory cliff, which could disrupt operations and deter participation.

Why now?

The need for a "Sustainable Sandbox" in the U.S. has never been greater. Innovative industries like blockchain and AI are evolving rapidly, but outdated legal frameworks threaten to stifle their potential. At the same time, many regulators lack a deep understanding of these technologies, making it difficult to craft effective rules. By setting broad policy goals and collaborating with industry stakeholders, regulators can bridge this knowledge gap and create a more adaptive legal framework.

The recent Supreme Court decision in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo further underscores the urgency of regulatory innovation. By removing courts’ deference to agency interpretations of their authority, the ruling shifts power toward regulated industries, emphasizing the need for more collaborative governance. The "Sustainable Sandbox" offers a path forward, balancing the needs of regulators and innovators in a rapidly changing landscape.

Final thoughts

As the crypto industry continues to grow, so does the need for regulatory frameworks that can keep pace with innovation. The "Sustainable Sandbox" provides a blueprint for balancing experimentation with accountability, fostering a collaborative environment where both regulators and businesses can thrive. By embracing this model, the U.S. has an opportunity to lead the world in crypto innovation while ensuring consumer protection and market stability.

For the full version of this article, click here.



source https://www.coindesk.com/opinion/2025/01/29/regulatory-sandboxes-are-a-way-out-of-the-regulatory-sandstorm

Robinhood CEO Warns Lack of U.S. Regulation Stifles Security Tokenization Efforts

Current U.S. regulations are blocking a major financial shift that could open up private-market investments to everyday investors through tokenization, CEO of digital brokerage Robinhood Vlad Tenev said.

In a Wednesday opinion piece for the Washington Post, Tenev said that many high-growth companies like OpenAI, SpaceX and Stripe are increasingly avoiding going public, limiting investment access to a small circle of wealthy investors, widening the investment gap between retail investors.

Tokenizing private equity through blockchain technology that underpins crypto markets would allow retail to access companies early in their growth phase, lowering barriers while keeping proper disclosures and investor protections, Tenev argued.

"The world is tokenizing, and the United States should not get left behind," Tenev wrote. "It’s time to update our conversation about crypto from bitcoin and meme coins to what blockchain is really making possible: A new era of ultra-inclusive and customizable investing fit for this century."

However, U.S. regulators, particularly the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), have yet to provide a clear framework and rules for registering security tokens, while other key markets such as the EU, Singapore and Abu Dhabi are already advancing in this area, he said.

He proposed creating a security token registration framework as an alternative to IPOs, providing clear guidelines for exchanges and broker-dealers to support tokenized assets and updating accredited investor rules to allow access based on financial knowledge instead of wealth.

Tokenization is a booming sector at the intersection of crypto and traditional finance that could become a multitrillion-dollar market this decade, per forecasts by McKinsey, BCG, 21Shares and Bernstein . Institutions and even governments are increasingly exploring placing real-world assets like bonds, funds and commodities and real estate on blockchain rails in a digital token form to achieve speedier settlements and broader investor accessibility.

Tenev is the latest high-profile leader in the financial world touting tokenization and calling for clear rules for tokenized securities. Larry Fink, CEO of $10 trillion asset manager BlackRock, recently said that tokenization is the next frontier that will change markets, and urged the SEC in a CNBC interview to "rapidly approve" tokenization of stocks and bonds.



source https://www.coindesk.com/business/2025/01/29/robinhood-ceo-warns-lack-of-u-s-regulation-stifles-security-tokenization-efforts

Canary Capital's ETF Plans Took Shape Thanks to Trump

Canary Capital didn’t even exist when the spot bitcoin or even the spot ethe rexchange-traded funds launched last year.

But the company quickly made a name for itself in the business.

Founded only last October, Canary Capital has quickly pushed out several applications for crypto ETFs, including ones for Solana (SOL), XRP (XRP), Litecoin (LTC) and Hedera (HBAR), with the latter two being the first ETF applications of their kind.

From the outside, it seemed as though the firm had it all planned out perfectly.

“We really had no idea that we would be getting back into the ETF game,“ said Steve McClurg, founder and CEO of Canary Capital.

His name might sound familiar to some. McClurg co-founded and served as chief investment officer at Valkyrie Investments, an alternative asset manager which in March 2024 was acquired by CoinShares.

After about six months at CoinShares, McClurg left the ETF provider to start Canary Capital as a hedge fund, an idea that he had been working on during his time at Valkyrie.

“Essentially what happened was […] there was an assassination attempt on Trump, the markets rallied around it, politics rallied around it, and we started thinking, well, he could actually win,” McClurg recalled.

“If he wins, then there'll be changes in regulatory agencies and it's probably likely that other crypto ETFs will get approved, so why don't we file some ETFs and see what happens.”

Since the spot bitcoin and ethereum ETFs had already been launched and well-received by investors, Canary decided to pass on those assets. Instead, they looked further down the list of the top 20 tokens by market capitalization, specifically those that they believed weren’t securities, ultimately deciding to file for LTC, HBAR and XRP ETF. The XRP move was a speculation that the crypto would be deemed a non-security in court — which it was.

None of Canary Capital’s applications have been approved yet by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Several Solana ETF filings had been denied — or not acknowledged by the SEC — under previous agency leadership in 2024.

Following the Trump inauguration, though, Cboe BZX Exchange resubmitted 19b-4 documents for the SOL vehicles, hoping to get an approval under the new administration. The SEC is required to respond to the new submissions within the next 45 days or, if officially delayed, 240 days.

Canary has also submitted a 19b-4 for its Litecoin ETF, which requires a response from the SEC on Feb. 29.

Canary Capital has not yet filed 19b-4s for its XRP and HBAR ETFs. While an S-1 is considered a first-step to launch an ETF, it is not actionable if it isn’t followed by a 19b-4, which is required to inform the SEC of a proposed rule change by a self-regulatory entity, such as an exchange.

McClurg described Canary’s efforts as a call option on Trump winning the presidency.

“Oddly enough, it worked,” he said.

As for the future, the firm doesn’t currently have plans to launch more ETFs, McClurg said, but doesn’t rule out that it could see potential in other tokens in the future.



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/29/canary-capital-s-etf-plans-took-shape-thanks-to-trump

Tuesday, January 28, 2025

Digital Rights Group EFF Calls for Roman Storm Dismissal in Tornado Cash Case

The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), a prominent digital rights group, has filed an amicus brief in support of Roman Storm, a developer of the crypto privacy protocol Tornado Cash (TORN).

Storm has been charged with conspiracy to facilitate money laundering, operating an unlicensed money transmitter, and violating sanctions in relation to his work on the Tornado Cash protocol.

“The government’s prosecution raises larger civil liberties concerns that could chill the future development of privacy-enhancing technologies more broadly," the EFF wrote in the brief.

The EFF argues that Storm's prosecution threatens open-source innovation as the core issue in the case of holding developers responsible for how their tools are used, instead of prosecuting bad actors directly, could have a chilling effect on privacy-focused software development.

"Nearly all privacy and anonymity protective software tools are dual-use tools. Like a physical mask or paper cash, they provide needed, often critical protections for users, but can also be used by bad actors to help hide their crimes," the EFF wrote.

In the prosecution of Storm, the government is relying on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), which allows it to impose economic sanctions and restrict transactions during national emergencies. This application, the EFF argues, is inappropriate.

“If the government believes it is appropriate to criminalize these technologies, it must seek relief from Congress and not rely on IEEPA and the other laws deployed in this prosecution, or, worse, attempt to bootstrap ancillary activities even further removed from any criminal acts into the ambit of these laws,” the EFF wrote.

If Congress wants to regulate tools like Tornado Cash, the EFF argues, it has the authority to pass a law that clearly distinguishes legal from illegal use, but the prosecution in this case fails to provide that clarity.

The TORN token is up nearly 50% in the last month, according to market data, on optimism of a favorable outcome for Storm.

Storm is due back in court in April.



source https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2025/01/29/digital-rights-group-eff-calls-for-roman-storm-dismissal-in-tornado-cash-case

Bitwise Files To Launch Dogecoin ETF

Crypto asset manager Bitwise has uploaded documents to launch an exchange-traded fund (ETF) tied to the price of dogecoin (DOGE), a filing with the US. Securities and Exchange Commission on Tuesday shows.

The filing, an S-1 document, is a requirement for companies seeking to issue a new security and be listed on a public stock exchange.

Earlier this month, investment managers Rex Shares and Osprey Funds filed paperwork for several crypto ETFs, including dogecoin among other memecoins.

However, Bitwise’s filing differs in that it is filed under the ‘33 Act as opposed to the 40 Act, which Rex and Osprey filed under, Bloomberg Intelligence senior ETF analyst Eric Balchunas pointed out.

S-1s filed under the ‘33 Act are typically used for niche, commodity-based ETFs while filing under the 40 Act provides stronger investor protection as it requires the issuer to meet further SEC rules. The 40 Act, for example, limits leverage and short-selling and requires stricter fiduciary oversight and governance, among other things.

Bitwise is the issuer of several crypto ETFs and has several applications pending, including one for an XRP (XRP) ETF.

While the S-1 documents is a first step in launching an ETF, the more crucial filing is the 19b-4, which is required to signal a requisite rule change at the stock exchange seeking to list the investment and ties the SEC to a strict deadline.

While memecoin ETFs were a nearly unthinkable investment vehicle under Gray Gensler’s SEC, which gave issuers a hard time launching a spot bitcoin ETF, the possibility of such funds now seems more likely than ever after the inauguration of President Donald Trump.

Not only has Trump promised crypto-friendly policies, but after the launch of his own memecoins, TRUMP and MELANIA, it’s become clear that the President himself is a fan of memecoins.



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/28/bitwise-files-to-launch-dogecoin-etf

Figment CEO Lorien Gabriel’s Big Bet on Staking Has Paid Off

Lorien Gabel has spent decades building internet infrastructure companies, from ISPs to cloud security firms. In 2018, recognizing the transformative potential of proof-of-stake networks, he co-founded Figment, which has since become one of the world’s largest independent staking providers, offering technology and services that enable users to stake their tokens without having to use a centralized exchange or custodian.

Today, the company manages $15 billion in assets and serves over 500 institutional clients.

This series is brought to you by Consensus Hong Kong. Come and experience the most influential event in Web3 and Digital Assets, Feb.18-20. Register today and save 15% with the code CoinDesk15.

Here, Gabriel, who will be a speaker at Consensus Hong Kong, discusses Figment’s expansion into Asia, bitcoin staking experiments and his company’s careful process for deciding which new crypto networks to support.

This interview has been condensed and lightly edited for clarity.

What led you to start Figment?

This is the fourth company my co-founders and I have built together over three decades. Our previous ventures were all in internet infrastructure. When we started exploring blockchain in 2018, staking was barely a thing — Tezos had launched, and Ethereum was still only discussing it. But we saw a natural alignment between our expertise in network security, cloud infrastructure and scaling B2B solutions and what proof-of-stake (PoS) could become. If PoS gained traction, we believed our experience in building secure, institutional-grade networks would be invaluable.

We originally planned to start a fund, and now we do have a VC fund. But the fund didn’t come first — the staking infrastructure company did, and then we launched Figment Capital. We basically took a flyer on proof-of-stake, believing it had some advantages over proof-of-work, and we were lucky enough that it actually worked and took off.

How large is Figment now?

We currently manage $15 billion in staking assets and serve 500 institutional clients. While employee count isn’t always a meaningful metric, we have about 130 employees and expect to reach 150 by year-end. Asia is our next big expansion focus. We opened our Singapore office last year, and we’re adding Japan, Hong Kong and other key markets. While North America remains our base, Asia’s demand for staking services is growing rapidly.

What challenges do you see to Asia’s adoption of staking compared to other regions?

First, Asia isn’t one market — it’s a collection of vastly different economies and regulatory landscapes. Japan, Indonesia and Korea, for example, have distinct business cultures, adoption levels and regulatory frameworks. We’ve always been compliance-focused, working only with institutional clients rather than retail users. But in Asia, compliance varies widely by country. Unlike the U.S., where you primarily navigate SEC and CFTC rules, each Asian market has its own regulators and policies.

Also, Western companies often fail when expanding into Asia by not understanding local hiring, scaling strategies or customer behavior. I was born in Kuala Lumpur, and I’ve seen North American firms overinvest too quickly or misread market needs. That’s why we started small in Singapore with three people, so we could learn before scaling.

Education is another challenge. In many Asian markets, staking is not well-defined and is sometimes misconstrued as DeFi lending. We spend a lot of time at conferences, client meetings and media interviews explaining what staking is and why institutions should consider it over riskier yield-generating alternatives.

What has been the biggest challenge in scaling your business, and how did you overcome it?

The hardest part of any startup is the “zero to one” phase — figuring out whether an idea will work, what customers need and how the business model will evolve.

Early on, we ran multiple experiments — we had a remote procedure call (RPC) infrastructure business, a developer knowledge portal and different revenue streams. But once we found a strong product-market fit in staking, we shut down the rest and focused entirely on scaling one core offering.

The second major challenge is crypto’s volatility. Our business operates like a mix between a data center company, a fund and a software business, but with variable pricing in dozens of volatile digital assets. That complicates planning. I joke that my unofficial title is “Chief Stoic” — I don’t get too euphoric when markets are booming, and I don’t panic when things go south. Whether it’s FTX’s collapse or bitcoin hitting $100,000, we focus on long-term execution.

Are you seeing increased institutional interest in staking in Asia?

Yes, institutional adoption is accelerating, particularly from banks and telecoms. We’ve had institutional equity investors from Asia for a while — big names like Monex and B Capital—but over the last year, we’ve seen more traditional financial institutions actively entering staking. Each market has its own dominant exchanges and custodians, and we often partner with them rather than dealing with end users. As more banks explore staking, we expect adoption to snowball — similar to how institutions in the U.S. started cautiously investing in staking before scaling operations.

How do you decide which tokens to support for staking? Do Asian markets influence this?

We have an evaluation framework that we’ve refined over the past six years. Since we can only support a limited number of new tokens each year, we have to be selective — last year, we added support for 12 or 13, which is quite a lot given the complexity of each integration. Right now, we’re supporting around 40 networks, but every new addition requires careful analysis.

The process starts with the basics: is this a real project or a scam? Does it have a strong thesis and a team capable of executing it? In many ways, it mirrors a VC framework. From there, we dig deeper, speaking with the foundation and founders, assessing the level of custody support available — since that’s crucial for institutional adoption — and evaluating the broader ecosystem.

At some point, though, when you have 20 strong candidates but can only support 10, you have to make a bet. Sometimes we get it right, sometimes we don’t. Over the years, we’ve seen enough network launches to develop a strong intuition about what works and what doesn’t. We try to offer guidance to projects where we can, though ultimately, it’s up to them whether they take our input.

Customer demand is another factor in our decision-making, and the Asian market is an important part of this. Occasionally, a major institutional client will request support for a project we might not have otherwise considered — or even heard of — so we conduct an expedited evaluation. In some cases, we’ve had to tell clients no, either because we don’t see the project as legitimate or we suspect it might be a scam. Those are tough conversations, but they’re necessary. Ultimately, we also look at how many of our clients are likely to hold or stake a given token, which plays into our final decision.

With many Asian investors seeking high-yield opportunities, how does Figment ensure competitive returns while staying secure and reliable?

Staking is not the highest-yield activity in crypto, but it’s the safest way to earn yield without counterparty risk. We focus on providing the highest risk-adjusted staking rewards. While some providers chase higher returns by cutting corners (e.g., ignoring OFAC compliance or MEV risks), our clients — mainly institutions — prioritize security and compliance.

In crypto, staking is the equivalent of a 10-year Treasury bond — it’s the stable, reliable option compared to high-risk DeFi strategies. Some investors prefer liquidity pooling or lending for higher yields, but institutions typically choose staking for its security.

Are there any staking-related trends or innovations in Asia that excite you?

Some of the most exciting trends in staking right now include liquid staking and re-staking, with EigenLayer leading the charge globally in these areas and having a strong presence in Asia. Bitcoin staking is another area of interest, with projects like Babylon exploring its potential, though demand remains uncertain. Additionally, we’re seeing new chains with significant Asian influence, such as BeraChain, which is rapidly growing its user base in the region. We’re actively supporting BTC staking while closely monitoring new staking models emerging from Asia.



source https://www.coindesk.com/consensus-hong-kong-2025-coverage/2025/01/28/figment-ceo-lorien-gabriel-s-big-bet-on-staking-has-paid-off

Monday, January 27, 2025

Jupiter’s Acquisition Spree, Buyback Plan Spark Solana Ecosystem Dominance Concerns

Amid a bloody start to the week in crypto markets, which saw liquidations near monthly highs as various major tokens dropped by double-digit percentages, the native token of Solana-based DEX aggregator Jupiter is defying the trend over a new buyback plan.

Data from TradingView shows that JUP is up more than 34% against bitcoin over the past week despite seeing an 11% decline over the last 24 hours, compared to BTC’s near 4% drop.

JUP’s outperformance is a result of a series of announcements made during its first-ever event, Catstanbul 2025, which addressed utility concerns. The protocol’s pseudonymous founder, known as ‘Meow’, revealed that 50% of all protocol fees are set to be used to buy tokens from the open market, with the tokens being moved to a “long-term litterbox," a long-term reserve.

The move led to a price increase, which demonstrated a “high level of investor confidence in the project and its strategy,” according to Bitget Research’s Chief Analyst, Ryan Lee. He said increasing attention on the platform could attract new users and liquidity to the Solana ecosystem in the long run.

In a statement to CoinDesk, Lee noted the buyback program could “act as a catalyst for long-term growth as the team estimates it could add hundreds of millions of dollars to the buyback volume per year.”

Jupiter is Solana’s leading DEX aggregator, having facilitated nearly $2.2 trillion in total volume over 1.25 billion token swaps, according to data from Dune Analytics. In the last 24 hours, its trading volume was $6.5 billion over 6.9 million swaps.

'Monopolistic behavior'

The announcement may have helped JUP’s price surge, but it drew some concerns from the community.

Chris Chung, the founder of Solana swap platform Titan, wrote in an emailed statement to CoinDesk that the “news over the weekend that Jupiter – Solana’s most used DEX – is implementing a 5bps fee for basic swap trades in its default 'Ultra' mode is disappointing news for traders.”

Jupiter’s Ultra mode is set to include features such as real-time slippage estimation, dynamic priority fees, and optimized transaction landing, all bolstered by a new “Jupiter Shield” security tool. The protocol’s success, Bitget Research's Lee told CoinDesk, “may come with the risk of centralization.”

“If Jupiter continues to increase its influence and become the dominant player in the Solana ecosystem, it could lead to over-reliance on a single project,” Lee said, adding that the “situation is contrary to the principles of blockchain which are aimed at decentralization and distribution of influence.”

Chung added that Solana’s “entire value proposition is lower cost and higher throughout, and a 5-10bps increase in trading costs is significant in this context. But it’s particularly disappointing when a paid model is being implemented when there is no perceivable performance gain over the previous free version, especially when the features in question are essential in landing transactions.”

Jupiter also announced it acquired a majority stake in Moonshot, the memecoin trading platform that was featured on the website of U.S. President Donald Trump’s memecoin and reportedly “brought 200k+ new people onchain” as a result.

The protocol has also acquired on-chain portfolio tracker SonarWatch, which coupled with the Moonshot acquisition means, to Chung, that Jupiter is “clearly looking to dominate the entire Solana ecosystem,” in a move that’s both “unhealthy and detrimental for innovation and for the user experience.”

To Titan’s founder, Jupiter’s moves amount to “monopolistic behavior” that allows incumbents to “raise prices further and further in absence of competition,” the type of behavior that decentralized finance was meant to eradicate.

Furthering these concerns, Jupiter also announced the launch of Jupnet, described as an omnichain network designed “to aggregate all of crypto in one single decentralized ledger for maximum ease of use for users and developers.” Its public beta version is coming in the next few months.

Although the DEX aggregator’s dominance may have led to concerns over the potential concentration of power in the hands of a single player, it could have a silver lining. Jupiter’s focus on the Solana ecosystem could lead to a new wave of developers engaging with it and creating new, unique products, Bitget’s Lee added.

Mike Cahill, Co-Founder and CEO of Pyth Network's core contributor Douro Labs, pointed to Jupiter’s moves as a “clear commitment to expanding DeFi infrastructure and improving liquidity dynamics.” The innovation approach, he added, could “push a new influx of builders into the Solana ecosystem, which means we’re going to see a lot of new memecoins and a lot of new dApps as a result.”

Jupiter didn't respond to CoinDesk's request for comment at the press time.



source https://www.coindesk.com/business/2025/01/27/jupiter-s-acquisition-spree-buyback-plan-spark-solana-ecosystem-dominance-concerns

Bitcoin Mining Stocks With AI Ambition Battered 20%-30% Lower as Nvidia's Plunge Grips Crypto

Bitcoin (BTC) managed a minor bounce of its worst levels of the day, but the bitcoin mining stocks were unable to reverse any of their plunge as Chinese AI startup DeepSeek threw into question ideas that the miners had value as data center plays.

The largest cryptocurrency was recently trading at $101,500, up from earlier lows around $98,000 and still down 3% over the past 24 hours. The broader market gauge CoinDesk 20 Index fell 5.6%, dragged lower by double-digit losses of AI-adjacent tokens render (RNDR) and filecoin (FIL). Solana, which is a key hub for crypto AI agent tokens, also fell over 10%.

The sharp move down liquidated nearly $1 billion of leveraged derivatives positions across crypto assets, CoinGlass data shows.

The Nasdaq closed the session 3% lower, with Nvidia leading losses with a 17% plunge, erasing $465 billion of its market value in a day. Today's move also reinforced bitcoin's tight correlation with tech stocks, Standard Chartered Bank's digital asset research head Goeffrey Kendrick noted.

The broad-market pullback didn't spare crypto-adjacent stocks, as crypto exchange Coinbase (COIN) and investment firm Galaxy (GXY) closed the day 6.7% and 15.8% lower. MicroStrategy, the largest corporate bitcoin holder, held up relatively well with a 1.5% decline.

Crypto mining stock rout

Bitcoin mining stocks suffered even steeper losses, with large-cap miners Riot Platforms (RIOT), MARA Holdings (MARA) plunging 8.7% and 16%, respectively.

Miners that pivoted to high-performance computing to provide infrastructure for artificial intelligence (AI) training fared even worse. Core Scientific (CORZ), TeraWulf (WULF), Bitdeer (BTDR) and Cipher Mining (CIPH), Applied Digital Corporation (APLD) all endured 25%-30% declines through the day."It seems that the crypto markets and AI supply chain-linked stocks — such as the Nuclear ETF, which had risen 20% over the past month leading up to today — reached a point where they needed an 'event' to trigger a profit-taking correction after pricing in a significant amount of 'good news,'" said Aurelie Barthere, principal research analyst at blockchain intelligence firm Nansen.

Market participants will focus on this week's Federal Reserve meeting and large tech firms' earnings reports. Corporate earnings have been strong so far, but the coming reports from Nvidia and other big tech firms "will need to beat expectations to sustain the momentum," Barthere said.

The Monday selloff could also provide an attractive entry opportunity for altcoin investors who missed out on the crypto rally following Donald Trump's election victory, Barthere added, "particularly in higher-beta crypto tokens like solana (SOL), which have experienced steeper sell-offs compared to BTC."

Read more: Bitcoin's DeepSeek-Triggered Selloff Is a Buy the Dip Opportunity, Analysts Say



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/27/bitcoin-mining-stocks-with-ai-ambition-battered-20-30-lower-as-nvidia-s-plunge-grips-crypto

Elon Musk Said to Propose Blockchain Use at D.O.G.E. for Efficiency: Bloomberg

Elon Musk, picked by President Donald Trump to lead the new Department of Government Efficiency, proposed using blockchain technology as part of the operation, Bloomberg reported.

Musk suggested that using a digital ledger would be a cost-efficient way to track federal spending, secure data, make payments and manage buildings, according to people familiar with the matter. 

Several representatives of public blockchains have met with affiliates of DOGE, the people said.

The department was created in response to the federal government’s spending of $6.7 trillion in fiscal 2024, which Musk in October called “wasted” money. He promised the department — whose acronym is a nod to Musk’s favorite cryptocurrency, dogecoin (DOGE) — would slash the figure to at most $2 trillion.

Given the department’s name and Trump’s determination to establish crypto-friendly policies in the U.S., Musk’s plan to incorporate blockchain technology doesn’t come as a surprise.

In addition to creating DOGE on Jan. 20, Trump signed an executive order to create a working group on digital assets led by venture capitalist David Sacks with a mandate to identify all regulations that currently touch crypto within 30 days, among other things.



source https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2025/01/27/elon-musk-said-to-propose-blockchain-use-at-doge-for-efficiency-bloomberg

Sunday, January 26, 2025

TRUMP Memecoin Draws Eyes, But Leaves Crypto Market Without Fresh Investment: Web3 Expert

While the TRUMP token brought considerable attention to the crypto market, it struggled to onboard substantial new capital. That's the takeaway from the comparative analysis of TRUMP's market cap versus the total value of the crypto market.

The memecoin launched with significant impact last week, reaching a market cap of over $10 billion on its first day, but has since dropped to approximately $5.3 billion at the time of writing. Meanwhile, the total market cap of all cryptocurrencies has fluctuated around $3.5 trillion, according to data from TradingView and CoinDesk.

"While $TRUMP is now worth billions, the total crypto market cap has barely moved. And while it's a really interesting headline to say that 400,000 users were onboarded, Phantom was the number one app for a little bit, and it feels like the whole world was paying attention to this token, I think what we actually did was onboard a lot of attention," Garrison Yang, co-founder of leading international Web3 gaming studio Mirai Labs, said in an email.

"When it comes to actual liquidity and the capital that entered the token, very little of it (on a value basis) was from new people. Unfortunately, we ended up moving the hot ball of money around. And you can see this, especially on-chain with alts on Solana, and the amount of liquidity rapidly funneled into the Solana ecosystem," Yang added.

Research by Chainalysis last week showed that roughly 50% of TRUMP and MELANIA token holders were likely first-time Solana-based token buyers.



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/27/trump-memecoin-draws-eyes-but-leaves-crypto-market-without-fresh-investment-web3-expert

Friday, January 24, 2025

Nasdaq Files for In-Kind Redemptions for BlackRock Spot Bitcoin ETF

Nasdaq has filed a proposed rule change to allow in-kind creation and redemption for the BlackRock iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT), according to a Friday filing to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

The process allows large institutional investors, called authorized participants (APs), to buy and redeem shares of the fund directly to bitcoin (BTC).

It is considered to be more efficient as it allows APs closely monitor the demand for the ETF and to act fast by buying or selling shares of the fund without cash being involved in the process. Retail investors are not eligible to participate.

When the SEC first approved spot bitcoin ETFs including IBIT last January, the agency allowed to launch the funds with cash redemption, instead of bitcoin.

"It should have been approved in the first place but Gensler/Crenshaw didn't want to allow it for a whole host of reasons they gave," Bloomberg Intelligence ETF analyst James Seyffart wrote on X. "Mainly [they] didn't want brokers touching actual Bitcoin."

BlackRock's IBIT is the largest spot BTC ETF on the market, attracting nearly $40 billion of inflows in its first year, making it the most successful ETF debut ever.



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/24/nasdaq-files-for-in-kind-redemptions-for-blackrock-spot-bitcoin-etf

TRUMP Token Frenzy Drives Solana Stablecoin Supply to $10B, Record DEX Volumes

Solana (SOL), the layer-1 blockchain designed for high-speed and low-cost transactions, has been at the center of a trading frenzy with Donald Trump's memecoin driving stablecoin supply on the network to a fresh record-high.

The total stablecoin supply on Solana has surged to $10.5 billion, doubling since the start of January, according to data source Artemis. Circle's USDC led the increase surpassing $8 billion in total circulation on Solana, adding more than $4 billion this month, while Tether's USDT grew to $2 billion from $917 million, per Artemis. Stablecoins are a key piece of infrastructure in the crypto economy, serving as a popular source of liquidity for crypto trading.

Solana and its ecosystem of in-built protocols built have become a bustling hub for trading and launching tokens in red-hot, fast-growing crypto sectors such as memecoins and crypto AI agents.

The network's stablecoin liquidity growth was steady over the past months as digital asset markets rejuvenated with crypto-friendly Trump's election victory, but it skyrocketed with the launch of TRUMP coin Jan. 17, the "official" memecoin tied to the U.S. President. Released on Solana, the token garnered massive trading volume across decentralized exchanges, driving transaction activity and liquidity inflows to the network.

Before the token got listed on popular centralized exchanges like Binance and Coinbase, trading with the TRUMP coin was first available on decentralized exchange (DEX) Meteora paired against the USDC stablecoin, David Duong and David Han from Coinbase Institutional Research, noted in a Friday report. That said, fast-moving traders first needed to first acquire USDC to buy the coin, driving USDC inflows to the network.

Along with stablecoin growth, trading volume on Solana-based decentralized exchanges (DEX) also soared to record highs of more than $25 billion daily, executing 74% of overall DEX trading volume on all blockchains, the report noted.

"Staggering numbers," Sean Farrell, head of digital asset research at Fundstrat, said in an X post.

The increased activity was reflected in Solana's native token (SOL) price, posting the largest gain through this week with 20% among the broad-market CoinDesk 20 Index members, vastly outperforming bitcoin's (BTC) 2% advance.

Read more: Solana Bull Bets Big on SOL Rallying to $400

While USDC and Tether's USDT dominate the stablecoin market on Solana — as they do in the broader crypto landscape — there's a growing number of up-and-coming issuers that recently expanded to the blockchain, noted Tom Wan, head of data at Entropy Advisors.

Last week, Hong Kong-based First Digital added native support on Solana for its $1.8 billion FDUSD fiat-backed stablecoin. DeFi lending behemoth Sky, formerly MakerDAO, also brought its yield-generating USDS stablecoin to the network in November.



source https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2025/01/24/trump-token-frenzy-drives-solana-stablecoin-supply-to-usd10b-record-dex-volumes

Congressional Republicans in Hot Pursuit of Biden-Era's Crypto Debanking

An investigation in the U.S. House of Representatives and a hearing in the Senate will examine whether financial regulators during the administration of former President Joe Biden deliberately cut off crypto industry leaders and others from the banking system in an inappropriate use of authority.

“Debanking is un-American — every legal business deserves to be treated the same regardless of their political beliefs," said Senate Banking Committee Chair Tim Scott, a South Carolina Republican who took over the gavel earlier this month and has scheduled a February 5 hearing on debanking. "Unfortunately, under Operation Chokepoint 2.0, Biden regulators abused their power and forced financial institutions to cut off services to digital asset firms, political figures, and conservative-aligned businesses and individuals."

Operation Chokepoint 2.0 is the name Republican lawmakers and the digital assets industry have been using for the systemic severing of crypto insiders from U.S. banks, in reference to an earlier era's Operation Chokepoint — a government-sanctioned effort to reduce risk in banking by encouraging the lenders to back away from legal but otherwise risky businesses.

Delving into the struggle of crypto executives and businesses to maintain banking relationships, the House Oversight Committee is "investigating whether this debanking practice originates from the financial institutions themselves or from either implicit or explicit pressure from government regulators," according to a letter the committee chairman, Representative James Comer, sent on Friday to founders and CEOs of several crypto companies and organizations, including Coinbase, Lightswap and Uniswap Labs.

The challenge of pinning the lack of banking options entirely on the government is that some financial institutions may have made decisions based on their own risk appetites or business plans that deliberately steered clear of crypto interests. And banking regulators such as the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency were public in their guidance that regulated banks seeking to do crypto business would face restrictions and additional scrutiny from the agencies.

However, a Coinbase pursuit of private FDIC communications with banks demonstrated that the agency directed them to stop pursuing digital assets services until the regulator had specific rules in place, which it wasn't developing.

"We are grateful to assist in the thorough investigation of this pernicious practice,” said Kristin Smith, CEO of the Blockchain Association, which also received the House committee's letter probing the trend.

Meanwhile, congressional Democrats have been focusing their own investigation requests on President Donald Trump's recently launched meme coin, $TRUMP. He's been accused of using the presidency to rack up billions of dollars, and they cite the token as a potential risk for dangerous conflicts of interest.



source https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2025/01/24/congressional-republicans-in-hot-pursuit-of-biden-era-s-crypto-debanking

Best of the Week: It’s All Happening!

It was a big week for crypto following the inauguration of Donald Trump to a second term Monday.

The White House issued an executive order on digital assets, calling for a friendly approach to crypto across the administration and the creation of a "digital asset stockpile" (which may, or may not be, a Bitcoin Strategic Reserve). Regulatory editors Nik De and Jesse Hamilton were all over the news, as usual.

The SEC withdrew a controversial crypto accounting rule, started a crypto taskforce headed by Hester Peirce (aka “Crypto Mom”), and named crypto-friendly Commissioner Mark Uyeda as acting chair.

Senator Cynthia Lummis, arguably crypto's most loyal friend in Congress, was named to head the Senate Banking Committee's new digital assets panel, Hamilton also reported.

We dissected the fallout from the (very) controversial memecoins dropped by the Trump family on the eve of Monday’s swearing in. CoinDesk’s Shaurya Malwa reported that 60 Solana Whales made off with at least $10 million each (many others gained a lot less). Reporting from Tom Carreras on Monday showed that the paper wealth generated by these surprise tokens was, frankly, staggering, even absurd.

Still the memecoins were a great success, encouraging filings for memecoin ETFs, Helene Braun reported. Helene also broke the story about how CME leaked information about XRP and SOL futures ETFs by mistake, which sank those tokens and weighed on the broader market.

Ross Ulbricht, who created Silk Road about 12 years ago, educating thousands on bitcoin for the first time, went free after serving ten years in prison. His freedom was a key promise of the Trump team on crypto. Sam Reynolds had the news.

And the news kept on coming. In fact, it was hard to remember a week when more stuff of importance happened in crypto. Amid it all, the Ethereum community hotly debated its future (particularly that of the Ethereum Foundation). Parikshit Mishra and Sam Kessler followed the story.

Stay tuned for more big stuff happening next week.



source https://www.coindesk.com/coindesk-news/2025/01/24/best-of-the-week-it-s-all-happening

Thursday, January 23, 2025

Anvil Launches DeFi Protocol for Letters of Credit

Payments remain the big unsolved use case of the internet. When we buy something online, we generally use a traditional payment method, like a credit card, which isn’t “native” to the experience. Your ability to transact with a merchant is verified by a third-party (like a bank), which raises costs and adds a lot of inconvenience for buyers and sellers.

Despite the huge growth of commerce online in the last three decades, most transactions occur outside of the browser. Marc Andreessen, who created Netscape, has referred to this as the internet’s “original sin.” “One would think it was the most obvious thing to do to build into the browser the ability to spend money, but you may have noticed that didn’t happen,” he said in 2019. “I think the original sin was that we couldn’t actually build economics, which is to say money, at the core of the internet.”

This matters because the cost is massive and borne by all of us. Economists have calculated the total cost of retail payments in the United States at as much as 2% of GDP, which is almost as much as the U.S. defense budget. Merchants frequently cite the cost of processing credit cards as some of their highest operating expenses, which is why many will ask you to pay additional charges to use a card in a store, or place a minimum on the amount one should spend. The United States, for all its ingenuity, has some of the highest social cost of payments in the developed world, numerous studies show.

We tend to forget that bitcoin was first proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto as a “peer-to-peer electronic cash system” because a lot of crypto today isn’t focused on this use case. But maybe the next iteration of crypto development will help fix that.

That’s certainly the hope of Tyler Spalding, the founder of an Anvil, a new decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol that reconceptualizes credit, which is the basis of all monetary systems.

How it works

Anvil is a system of Ethereum smart contracts that manages collateral and secures credit. It lets individuals and companies create letters of credit (LOCs) in lieu of traditional forms of money. You use it by locking up ether or USDC in the Anvil vault and receive an LOC for the specified amount. In effect, the system is a lot like a bank check that’s cashed against your account, except there’s no paper, delays or worries about whether the money will clear.

Spalding sees Anvil as a new form of money collateralized with crypto. “By issuing transparent and generalizable credit, Anvil provides sustainable liquidity — essentially creating trusted money for the global economic system,” he said. “Permissionless decentralized technologies can transform how collateral is managed by making the process more secure and more transparent.”

At the protocol level, there are no fees to transact with Anvil, Spalding said, and the technology is open-source. It’s community owned with 60% of the governance token distribution to partners and users, who can vote on operational matters. Spalding, who previously co-founded Flexa, a blockchain-based payments network, sees use cases for Anvil in traditional loans, DeFi counterparty credit (for exchanges or liquidity providers), asset bridging and payments. Three partners have indicated they want to build services using the protocol: Amdax, a digital asset trading and custody provider; Empowermint, which provides retail cash loans; and Flexa, which is using the protocol for asset collateralization against payments on its network. Because Anvil is open-source, these partners use the protocol freely, building their own services.

Anvil has no investors. The protocol was bootstrapped by Spalding and his collaborators over two years of development. Its systems were audited by Open Zeppelin and Trail of Bits, and Immunefi organized two bug bounty programs to find flaws needing to be fixed. Spalding feels comfortable that the system is safe for its ambitious aim of disintermediating banks from the payments and traditional credit-issuing process.

“We’ve been doing it a long time. We love this stuff,” Spalding said of his goal of bringing native payments to the internet and atoning for Andreessen’s original sin. “We want to get other people to get to use this. It’s a real-world use case. That’s the only thing that matters to me.”



source https://www.coindesk.com/business/2025/01/23/anvil-launches-defi-protocol-for-letters-of-credit

A New (Digital) Age at the SEC

As technology evolves, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) must evolve with it. Nowhere is this truer than in crypto, and now: The market for crypto assets has grown in size and sophistication such that the SEC’s recent harmful approach of enforcement and abdication of regulation needs urgent updating.

While the long-term future of the crypto industry in the U.S. will likely require Congress to sign a comprehensive regulatory framework into law, here are six steps the SEC could immediately take to create “fit-for-purpose” regulations – without sacrificing innovation or critical investor protections.

#1 Provide guidance on ‘airdrops’

The SEC should provide interpretive guidance for how blockchain projects can distribute incentive-based crypto rewards to participants — without those being characterized as securities offerings.

Blockchain projects typically offer such rewards — often called “airdrops” — to incentivize usage of a particular network. These distributions are a critical tool for enabling blockchain projects to progressively decentralize, as they disseminate ownership and control of a project to its users.

If the SEC were to provide guidance on distributions, it would stem the tide of these rewards only being issued to non-U.S. persons — a trend that is effectively offshoring ownership of blockchain technologies developed in the U.S., yet at the expense of U.S. investors and developers.

What to do:

Establish eligibility criteria for crypto assets that can be excluded from being treated as investment contracts under securities laws when distributed as airdrops or incentive-based rewards. (For example, crypto assets that are not otherwise securities and whose market value is, or is expected to be, substantially derived from the programmatic functioning of any distributed ledger or onchain executable software.)

#2 Modify crowdfunding rules

The SEC should revise Regulation Crowdfunding rules so they are suitable for crypto startups. These startups often need a broader distribution of crypto assets to develop critical mass and network effects for their platforms, applications, or protocols.

What to do:

Expand offering limits so the maximum amount that can be raised is on par with crypto ventures’ needs (e.g., up to $75 million or a percentage of the overall network, depending on the depth of disclosures).

Exempt crypto offerings in a manner similar to Regulation D, allowing access to crowdfunding platforms beyond accredited investors.

Protect investors through caps on the amounts any one individual may invest (as Reg A+ currently does); robust disclosure requirements that encompass the material information relevant to the crypto venture (e.g. relating to the underlying blockchain, its governance, and consensus mechanisms); and other safeguards.

These changes would empower early-stage crypto projects to access a wide pool of investors, democratizing access to opportunities while preserving transparency.

#3 Enable broker-dealers to operate in crypto

The current regulatory environment restricts traditional broker-dealers from engaging meaningfully in the crypto industry — primarily because it requires brokers to obtain separate approvals to transact in crypto assets, and imposes even more onerous regulations around broker-dealers who wish to custody crypto assets.

These restrictions create unnecessary barriers to market participation and liquidity. Removing them would enhance market functionality, investor access, and investor protection.

What to do:

Enable registration so broker-dealers can deal in – and custody – crypto assets, both securities and nonsecurities.

Establish oversight mechanisms to ensure compliance with anti-money laundering (AML) and know-your-customer (KYC) regulations.

Collaborate with industry authorities like FINRA to issue joint guidance that addresses operational risks tailored to crypto assets.

This approach would promote a safer and more efficient marketplace, enabling broker-dealers to bring their expertise in best execution, compliance, and custody to the broader crypto market.

#4 Provide guidance on custody and settlement

Ambiguity over regulatory treatment and accounting rules has deterred traditional financial institutions from entering the crypto custody market. This means that many investors are not getting the benefit of fiduciary asset management for their investments, and instead are left investing on their own and arranging their own custody alternatives.

What to do:

Clarify guidance on how investment advisers can custody crypto assets under the Investment Advisers Act, ensuring adequate safeguards such as multi-signature wallets and secure offchain storage. Also provide guidance on staking and voting on governance decisions for crypto assets in the custody of investment advisers.

Develop specific guidance on settlement for crypto transactions – including timelines, validation processes, and error resolution mechanisms.

Establish a flexible, technology-neutral framework that can adapt to custody solution innovations, meeting regulatory standards without imposing prescriptive technological mandates.

Rectify accounting treatment by repealing SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 121 and its handling of balance sheet liabilities for custodied crypto assets. (SAB 121 moves custodied crypto assets onto the custodian’s balance sheet — a practice that is at odds with the traditional accounting treatment of custodied assets.)

This clarity would provide greater institutional confidence, increasing market stability and competition among service providers while improving protections for both retail and institutional crypto investors.

#5 Reform ETP standards

The SEC should adopt reform measures for exchange-traded products (ETPs) that can foster financial innovation. The proposals promote broader market access to investors and fiduciaries used to managing portfolios of ETPs.

What to do:

Revert to the historical market-size test, requiring only that sufficient liquidity and price integrity for the regulated commodity futures market exists to support a spot ETP product. Currently, the SEC’s reliance on the "Winklevoss Test" for surveillance agreements with regulated markets that satisfy arbitrary predictive price discovery has delayed approval of bitcoin and other crypto-based ETPs. This approach overlooks the significant size and transparency of current crypto markets, their regulated futures markets, and creates an arbitrary distinction in the standards applicable to crypto-based ETP listing applications and all other commodity-based listing applications.

Permit crypto ETPs to settle directly in the underlying asset. This will result in better fund tracking, reduce costs, provide greater price transparency, and reduce reliance on riskier derivatives.

Mandate robust custody standards for physically settled transactions to mitigate risks of theft or loss. Additionally, provide for the option of staking idle underlying assets of the ETP.

#6 Implement certification for ATS listings

In a decentralized environment where the issuer of a crypto asset may play no significant continuing role, who bears responsibility for providing accurate disclosures around the asset? There’s a helpful analog from the traditional securities markets here, in the form of Exchange Act Rule 15c2-11, which permits broker-dealers to trade a security when current information for the security is available to investors.

Extending that principle into crypto asset markets, the SEC could permit regulated crypto trading platforms (both exchanges and brokerages) to trade any asset for which the platform can provide investors with accurate, current information. The result would be greater liquidity for such assets across SEC-regulated markets, while simultaneously ensuring that investors are equipped to make informed decisions.

What to do:

Establish a streamlined 15c2-11 certification process for crypto assets listed on alternative trading system (ATS) platforms, providing mandatory disclosures about the assets' design, purpose, functionality, and risks.

Require exchanges or ATS operators to perform due diligence on crypto assets, including verifying issuer identity as well as important feature and functionality information.

Mandate periodic disclosures to ensure investors receive timely and accurate information. Also, clarify when reporting by an issuer is no longer necessary due to decentralization.

This framework would promote transparency and market integrity while allowing innovation to flourish.

***

By taking the above steps now, the SEC can begin to rotate away from its historic and heavily contested focus on enforcement efforts, and instead add much-needed regulatory guidance. Providing practical solutions for investors, fiduciaries, and financial intermediaries will better balance protecting investors with fostering capital formation and innovation — achieving the SEC’s mission.

A longer version of this post originally appeared on a16zcrypto.com.



source https://www.coindesk.com/opinion/2025/01/23/a-new-digital-age-at-the-sec

Wednesday, January 22, 2025

Ross Is Free. Now Let’s Free the Internet-of-Money

The release of Ross Ulbricht and the lifting of sanctions on Tornado Cash mark pivotal moments for the crypto community. It’s more than symbolic. It’s an opportunity to clearly rebrand the U.S. as a safe place to build the internet of money.

Ross’ freedom comes after over a decade of imprisonment — a journey defined by relentless advocacy, legal battles, and unwavering support from the crypto community. His release matters deeply to me because over a decade ago I launched Silk Road 2.0, his site’s successor.

His double life sentence without parole wasn’t just about the Silk Road, though. It symbolized the U.S. government’s resistance to the blockchain industry and to the idea of a financial system controlled by individuals instead of big banks.

The U.S. dollar is the world reserve currency; and, cryptocurrency has given the world democratized access to this reserve via stablecoins. Satoshi Nakamoto announced Bitcoin as a “peer-to-peer electronic cash system,” and the Silk Road was the first to actually execute that vision. Silk Road opened the door to cryptocurrency and introduced Silicon Valley (and many other groups) to bitcoin. It spawned companies like Coinbase, projects like Ethereum, and paved the way for stablecoins, which are not yet private.

Still, there is no legitimate marketplace for buying and selling things with bitcoin. Our industry’s reputation is that we’re highly speculative and scam-filled. We can’t forget that Satoshi created bitcoin for payments, not speculation.The U.S. cannot miss out on the internet-of-money. During previous administrations, global developers have become nervous to even attend conferences hosted here. This has consequences for the U.S. crypto industry. Ross’ release is a clear signal that the U.S. is no longer a scary place to innovate in cryptocurrency. His experience underscores the need for proportionate justice and serves as a reminder of the human cost of overreach in regulating innovation.

Read more: Silk Road Founder Ross Ulbricht Pardoned by President Trump

His release is an opportunity for reflection — to celebrate his freedom while remaining clear-eyed about the past. Ultimately, his harsh sentence stymied bitcoin innovation for all of us. We must ensure his case becomes a catalyst for constructive change rather than a footnote in a history of missed opportunities, a series of memecoins, or a divisive narrative that further erodes trust.

Similarly, the case of Tornado Cash founder Roman Storm — who is still in legal jeopardy — clearly shows the dangers of criminalizing innovation. Tornado Cash offers a critical function (a “mixer”) in enabling private Ethereum transactions — an essential component of conducting business competitively.

It’s important to create privacy technologies, but we also need to understand the line between legal and illegal use cases. Yes, launch the Silk Road, but don’t allow the sale of drugs on it. Launch Tornado Cash, but don’t encourage money laundering on it. The chilling effect that both cases have had on developers like me cannot be overstated. Privacy innovators in the U.S. and abroad are now second-guessing their work, fearing legal repercussions for creating tools that protect privacy.

And what do you do when you launch something decentralized that takes on a life of its own? The sanctions on Tornado Cash were deemed unlawful by the Fifth Circuit Court, yet the Department of Justice dismissed the ruling as irrelevant. Tornado Cash’s developers were allegedly aware of its misuse for money laundering but did not act decisively to address it. On a decentralized platform, should its initial developers be responsible for users’ activity? There is a clear need for America to define a “Section 230” for developers of decentralized software to not be criminally liable for what their users do on their platforms. (“Section 230” refers to a law freeing social media platforms from responsibility for content published on their networks.) Read more:

As entrepreneur-politician Vivek Ramaswamy said, “You can’t go after the developers of code. What you actually need to do is go after individual bad actors who are breaking the laws that already exist.”

To move forward as an industry, we need to separate the tools from the misuse of those tools. Privacy technologies like Tornado Cash, Monero, and Zcash are unfairly stigmatized due to their potential use for illicit activities. But they hold transformative potential for legitimate use cases, from safeguarding personal financial data to enabling secure business transactions.

Zcash, with its optional shielded transactions, provides individuals and businesses with the ability to conduct secure, private transactions while remaining compliant with anti-money laundering (AML) and know-your-customer (KYC) regulations. Such innovations bridge the gap between cryptocurrency and traditional industries, empowering businesses to adopt crypto without exposing sensitive financial details.

Privacy tech like Zcash also addresses a fundamental flaw in bitcoin and other public ledger cryptocurrencies: the exposure of transaction data that creates competitive disadvantages and privacy risks. Soon, Zcash will be on Mayachain, allowing a decentralized way to convert between bitcoin and Zcash. It will also soon support ZSAs (shielded assets), which will enable stablecoins to be issued privately for the first time.

The new administration has proposed a national “Strategic Bitcoin Reserve” but this raises questions about privacy and decentralization. Unlike other reserves, such as gold, Bitcoin’s blockchain discloses deposits and withdrawals to the public forever. Is the Trump Administration aware of this? This level of transparency is a double-edged sword, making privacy technologies even more essential for maintaining competitive and strategic advantages.

So, where do we go from here? Bitcoin and the broader cryptocurrency industry are at a crossroads. This is a moment to refocus on the principles that drove early adoption: a perception of privacy, financial freedom and, most importantly, peer-to-peer payments.

The U.S. crypto landscape, currently a mess of regulatory uncertainty, scams, and collapses, needs reevaluation. Rather than demonizing privacy innovations, policymakers must work with developers to create clear, enforceable standards for responsible uses of “electronic cash.” This means proactive education and collaboration with regulators, more investment in privacy technologies, and development of a regulatory framework that encourages U.S. blockchain innovation.



source https://www.coindesk.com/opinion/2025/01/22/ross-is-free-now-let-s-free-the-internet-of-money

How Bitcoin Miners Are Adjusting to the Threat of Tariffs: Blockspace

Bitcoin miners are scrambling to adjust to Trump’s global tariffs, which are poised to increase prices on ASIC miners, electrical gear, netw...